B2B Marketing, Sales, AI & HRD Glossary

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🤖 12 Terms for AI Adoption LeadsFrom shadow AI to fine-tuning · 15 min 👥 10 Terms for New Team LeadersFrom one-on-ones to pipelines · 12 min 🎓 12 Terms for First-Year Training ManagersMandatory training, subsidy refunds, training frameworks · 15 min 📈 12 Terms for B2B Marketing BeginnersFrom ICP to ABM, in funnel order · 15 min 🤝 10 Terms for New B2B Sales RepsBANT · SPIN · pipeline · 12 min 📊 10 Terms for Performance Review SeasonKPI · OKR · 360-degree reviews · 12 min

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A2A ProtocolAgent2Agent (A2A)The Agent2Agent communication standard: a shared language that lets AI agents from different companies and platforms talk to each other and hand off tasks under common rules.👁–♥–AGI · General-Purpose AIArtificial General IntelligenceA hypothetical AI that goes beyond today's task-specific systems and can learn and solve a wide range of problems the way people do.👁–♥–AI CoE · Dedicated AI TeamAI Center of ExcellenceAn AI CoE (Center of Excellence) is a dedicated team that handles company-wide AI standards, tools, training, and project support in one place, so departments don't have to find their own way.👁–♥–AI PoC · PilotAI Proof of Concept and PilotA PoC (Proof of Concept) is a small experiment to check whether AI works for a given task. A pilot is a trial run in which a few departments use it in real work to decide whether to scale company-wide.👁–♥–AI Governance · EthicsAI Governance / EthicsAn organization's management framework of principles, policies, and controls for using AI safely, fairly, and responsibly.👁–♥–AI Training Budget · Cost per EmployeeAI Training Budget and Per-Employee AI Training CostBudgeting next year's employee AI training by estimating target headcount, course level, and tool costs. The per-person figure is simply the unit used to explain the result.👁–♥–On-the-Job Application Rate · Measuring AI Training ImpactOn-the-Job Application Rate of AI TrainingThe share of people who completed AI training and are still using what they learned in real work after a set period. It measures whether behavior changed after training, not satisfaction or completion rates.👁–♥–AI Framework Act · EU AI ActAI Framework Act (Korea) / European Union AI ActNational-level baseline rules for developing and using AI, notably Korea's Framework Act on the Development of Artificial Intelligence and Establishment of Trust and the EU (European Union) AI Act. Both impose different obligations depending on risk level.👁–♥–AI-NativeAI-NativeA state in which products, processes, or organizations are designed around AI from the start rather than having it bolted on later. For people, it also describes a generation or talent pool that uses AI tools as naturally as breathing.👁–♥–AI Adoption ROI · Measuring ProductivityReturn on Investment of AI AdoptionReturn on investment (ROI) compares the benefits of AI adoption against its costs. It also refers to the methods for measuring those benefits in time saved, quality, and throughput.👁–♥–AI Adoption Costs · Token PricingAI Cost and Token PricingHow AI service costs split into per-seat subscriptions and usage-based (token) billing, and the factors to calculate when preparing a budget request.👁–♥–AI LiteracyAI LiteracyThe basic competence every employee needs: understanding how AI works and where it falls short, and using it safely and effectively at work.👁–♥–AI Interview · AI Competency AssessmentAI Interview and AI-based Competency AssessmentA selection tool in which AI analyzes candidates' video answers or online task records and scores their competencies and job fit. It can only be used if you can explain what it measures and why.👁–♥–AI Document and Slide GenerationAI Document and Slide GenerationA use case where AI drafts reports, proposals, and slides (PPT, PowerPoint Presentation) from an outline or script. It is a staple hands-on exercise in office-worker AI training.👁–♥–AI Voucher ProgramAI Voucher ProgramA government support program that gives vouchers to small and mid-sized companies (demand-side firms) that need to adopt AI, so they can buy and apply solutions and services from vetted AI suppliers.👁–♥–Copyright of AI-Generated ContentCopyright of AI-Generated ContentQuestions of who owns AI output and whether training data was lawfully used. For now, major jurisdictions including Korea do not grant copyright to AI-only output without 'human creative contribution.'👁–♥–AI Maturity Model · Adoption StagesAI Maturity ModelA framework that divides an organization's AI use into stages to diagnose where it stands and what comes next. It separates rolling out tools from redesigning work.👁–♥–AI Skill Map · Role-Based AI Skills AssessmentAI Skill MapA tool that defines the AI skills each job role needs and assesses current levels, so you can plan who to train and at what difficulty.👁–♥–AI SlopAI SlopA derisive term for low-quality AI-generated content that is mass-produced without review: plausible-looking but empty.👁–♥–AI Avatar · Digital HumanDigital Human / AI AvatarA virtual person that looks real, created with AI to speak, show expressions, and even handle customer interactions.👁–♥–AI Work Manual · AI Usage SOPDepartmental AI Work Manual and Standard Operating ProcedureA standard procedure document that spells out, department by department, which AI tools to use for which tasks, in what order and under what conditions, and who reviews the results and how. Where a company-wide guideline sets what is allowed, an SOP sets how to do it.👁–♥–AI Workflow AutomationAI Workflow AutomationUsing AI to handle work that needs human judgment and was hard to automate before, such as sorting email, summarizing documents, and drafting reports. It is the next step beyond rule-based RPA.👁–♥–AI AgentAI AgentAI that does more than answer: given a goal, it makes its own plan and uses tools to carry out multi-step tasks.👁–♥–AI Agent Platform Comparison · Choosing an Enterprise Agent BuilderEnterprise AI Agent Platform ComparisonComparing and choosing among enterprise builder products that let you create internal AI agents without coding, based on your company's systems, security, and budget. Features and prices change often, so a comparison table is a selection guide, not an answer key.👁–♥–AI Competency CertificationAI Competency CertificationA system that evaluates and certifies employees' AI skills against set standards. It covers both external certification exams and in-house certifications a company runs on its own criteria.👁–♥–AI OrchestrationAI OrchestrationCoordinating multiple AI models, tools, data sources, and agents into a single flow so complex work gets done automatically.👁–♥–AI Watermark · Content ProvenanceAI Watermark / C2PATechnology that embeds a 'this is AI-generated' mark or provenance history into AI-made images, video, and text, so real and fake can be told apart.👁–♥–AI Use Case Discovery · Identifying Work TasksAI Use Case DiscoveryBreaking a department's actual work into individual tasks, finding the ones where AI fits, and ranking them by impact and difficulty to settle on projects.👁–♥–AI EthicsAI EthicsThe principles and questions around developing and using AI fairly, transparently, safely, and responsibly. 'Can do' is not the same as 'may do.'👁–♥–AI AlignmentAI AlignmentResearch on making AI act in line with human intent and values: turning 'smart AI' into 'safe and beneficial AI.'👁–♥–AI Champion · Internal AI AmbassadorAI ChampionA frontline employee who, after AI training ends, builds use cases in their own department, answers colleagues' questions, and drives adoption. The term can also mean the program that selects and supports these people.👁–♥–AI Tutor · AI for EducationAI TutorAI that gives explanations, questions, and feedback matched to a learner's level and pace. It is gaining attention as a way to bridge the gap between the classroom and applying skills on the job.👁–♥–AI BiasAI BiasWhen AI produces unfair results for certain groups or viewpoints because of skews in its training data or design.👁–♥–AI Hackathon · Internal AI HackathonInternal AI HackathonAn internal event where employees form teams and spend one to three days focused on solving their own department's problems with generative AI, then present and judge the results. "Hackathon" blends "hacking" and "marathon."👁–♥–AI Use Case Contest · Internal Best-Practice AwardsInternal AI Use Case Contest and AwardsA program in which employees submit results from applying AI to their own work in a set format; entries are judged and awarded, and selected cases are shared company-wide. A hackathon is a 'day of building'; a contest is a 'channel for collecting what people have already done.'👁–♥–AI Use Case Casebook · Internal Best PracticesInternal AI Use Case CasebookAn internal document or wiki that collects, in one common format, cases where employees got results using AI in real work, and distributes them so other departments can follow along.👁–♥–AI Adoption Rate · AI Usage KPIAI Adoption Rate and AI Usage KPIA metric that puts numbers on how often, and for which tasks, employees actually use generative AI tools after rollout. The key is counting usage behavior, not licenses purchased.👁–♥–AI Meeting Notes · Auto SummariesAI Meeting NotesTools that transcribe meetings with speech recognition and automatically generate summaries and action-item lists. For most office workers, it is the first AI use case where they feel a real benefit.👁–♥–AI and Job RedesignJob Redesign for AIBreaking a job into tasks, sorting them into what to hand to AI, what to do with AI, and what people keep, then redrawing roles, required skills, and job descriptions.👁–♥–ASI · SuperintelligenceArtificial SuperintelligenceArtificial Superintelligence: a hypothetical stage of AI, not yet in existence, that far surpasses even the most capable humans in nearly every intellectual domain.👁–♥–CAIO · Chief AI OfficerChief AI OfficerA CAIO (Chief AI Officer) is an executive role overseeing a company's AI strategy, adoption, governance, and capability building. It overlaps heavily with the CTO (chief technology officer) and CIO (chief information officer), so its position and authority vary by organization.👁–♥–HR Tech · AI in Hiring and HRHR TechApplying AI and data technology to HR work such as hiring, evaluation, training, and workforce analytics. Efficiency gains come with fairness and legal requirements.👁–♥–LLM · Large Language ModelLarge Language ModelA large neural network trained on vast amounts of text that generates sentences by predicting 'what comes next.' The brain behind ChatGPT and Claude.👁–♥–LLMOpsLarge Language Model OperationsA management framework for running LLM-based services reliably in production, covering prompt versioning, quality evaluation, cost and latency monitoring, and safeguard operations. It is the LLM-specific version of MLOps.👁–♥–MCP · Model Context ProtocolModel Context ProtocolThe Model Context Protocol: an open standard that connects AI models to external tools and data (files, databases, business systems) in a 'standard way.'👁–♥–MLOpsMachine Learning OperationsMachine Learning Operations: a methodology for developing, deploying, running, and managing machine learning models reliably. DevOps for AI.👁–♥–RAG · Retrieval-Augmented GenerationRetrieval-Augmented GenerationRetrieval-Augmented Generation: a technique in which AI first searches external knowledge such as internal documents and databases, then generates its answer on that evidence.👁–♥–REA · Reverse Engineer AnythingReverse Engineer AnythingAn open-source MCP server and command-line tool that connects AI coding agents to reverse engineering tools such as Ghidra and IDA, so they can analyze how apps and programs work without source code. REA stands for Reverse Engineer Anything.👁–♥–RLHF · Reinforcement Learning from Human FeedbackReinforcement Learning from Human FeedbackA technique that refines AI using human preferences (which answer is better) to make it more useful and safe. It is what made ChatGPT 'worth using.'👁–♥–GuardrailsAI GuardrailsSafety measures and rules put in place beforehand so AI doesn't give risky, inappropriate, or non-compliant answers. The 'railings' of AI.👁–♥–Reinforcement LearningReinforcement LearningA learning method that discovers 'what counts as good behavior' by trial and error through rewards and penalties. Used in games, robotics, and AI alignment.👁–♥–Executive AI Training · Executive AI LiteracyExecutive AI Literacy TrainingTraining designed so executives and senior leaders try AI hands-on and gain the understanding they need for investment, organization, and risk decisions. It is not a scaled-down version of employee training but a course built separately for decision-makers.👁–♥–OverfittingOverfittingWhen a model memorizes its training data too closely and ends up weaker on new data. Like a student who only memorized the exam questions.👁–♥–ClusteringClusteringAn unsupervised learning technique that automatically groups similar data without any correct answers, uncovering hidden groups and patterns.👁–♥–GroundingGroundingConnecting AI to real evidence (documents, data) so it answers 'based on facts' instead of imagining. A core principle for reducing hallucinations.👁–♥–Enterprise AIEnterprise AIAI services a company officially adopts, with security, admin controls, and data protection. The key difference from personal-use AI is that your inputs are not used to train the model.👁–♥–Data Labeling · Data AnnotationData LabelingAttaching correct answers (labels) to data for AI training. The essential step that produces the fuel for supervised learning.👁–♥–Diffusion ModelDiffusion ModelThe leading approach in image-generating AI. It learns how to add noise to an image and remove it, then creates pictures out of noise.👁–♥–Deep LearningDeep LearningA branch of machine learning that uses multi-layer artificial neural networks to learn features from data on their own. The engine of the modern AI revolution.👁–♥–Deep ResearchDeep ResearchA feature offered by ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity, and others: an autonomous research tool in which AI repeatedly searches and cross-checks multiple web sources, then compiles its findings into a single report with citations.👁–♥–DeepfakeDeepfakeFake video or audio in which faces and voices are synthesized or manipulated with AI to look real. Used creatively, but also a threat for fraud and disinformation.👁–♥–Red Team · AI Red TeamingRed TeamingDeliberately and aggressively probing AI for weaknesses and risks in order to fix them. It imitates a 'malicious user' to head off problems in advance.👁–♥–Machine Learning · Deep LearningMachine Learning / Deep LearningMachine learning is the AI method of learning rules from data on its own; deep learning is its powerful branch that stacks artificial neural networks deep to learn.👁–♥–Multi-AgentMulti-Agent SystemA structure in which several AI agents split roles and collaborate on complex work. The idea is that a team beats one all-rounder.👁–♥–MultimodalMultimodal AIAI that understands and generates information in several forms (modalities) together, not just text but also images, audio, and video.👁–♥–Vibe CodingVibe CodingA new way of developing in which you don't write code yourself but describe what you want in plain language and have AI build the program.👁–♥–Vertical AIVertical AIUnlike general-purpose AI, specialized AI services that go deep on a single industry or role such as healthcare, law, finance, or manufacturing, built around that domain's data, workflows, and regulations.👁–♥–Benchmark · Model EvaluationBenchmark / EvaluationMeasuring an AI model's performance with standard tests (benchmarks) and evaluation methods. The basis for judging 'which model is better.'👁–♥–Classification and RegressionClassification & RegressionThe two basic tasks of supervised learning. Classification predicts 'which kind it is' (a category); regression predicts 'how much' (a number).👁–♥–Chain of Thought · CoTChain of ThoughtA technique that prompts AI to 'think step by step' instead of just giving the answer, improving accuracy on complex reasoning.👁–♥–Internal AI Usage GuidelinesInternal AI Usage PolicyAn internal policy document setting out what employees must follow when using generative AI at work: information that must not be entered, responsibility for verification, labeling of outputs, and more.👁–♥–Generative Adversarial Network · GANGenerative Adversarial NetworkA technique in which two neural networks, a 'generator' and a 'discriminator,' compete to produce realistic data. The original technology behind deepfakes and image generation.👁–♥–Generative AIGenerative AIAI that creates new content such as text, images, code, and audio. Large language models like ChatGPT and Claude are the best-known examples.👁–♥–Generative AI SearchAI Search / Generative SearchA new kind of search that goes beyond listing links: AI reads and synthesizes multiple sources and writes out a 'finished answer' in sentences.👁–♥–Explainable AI · XAIExplainable Artificial IntelligenceAI that can explain, in terms people understand, 'why' it reached a conclusion. Central to trust, accountability, and regulatory compliance.👁–♥–Sovereign AISovereign AIAn approach in which a country or company builds and controls AI directly with its own data, infrastructure, and language, protecting its 'sovereignty' by avoiding outside dependence.👁–♥–Small Language Model · sLMSmall Language ModelA language model smaller and lighter than the giant ones. Built for specific uses, it aims for low cost, high speed, and on-device execution.👁–♥–Loss FunctionLoss FunctionAn 'error meter' that measures how far a model's predictions are from the correct answers. Training is the process of reducing this value.👁–♥–Recurrent Neural Network · RNN/LSTMRecurrent Neural Network / Long Short-Term MemoryRecurrent Neural Networks and Long Short-Term Memory architectures that process sequential data (sentences, audio, time series) while remembering earlier information. The leading approach before the Transformer.👁–♥–Shadow AIShadow AIAI tools employees use for work without IT department approval or oversight. A blind spot for data leaks, and also a signal that employees want to work with AI.👁–♥–Semantic SearchSemantic SearchSearch by 'meaning' rather than exact wording. Ask "how many vacation days?" and it still finds the 'leave policy.'👁–♥–System PromptSystem PromptBaseline instructions that tell AI in advance 'who you are and how to behave.' They set the character and rules for the whole conversation.👁–♥–Quantization · Model CompressionQuantizationA technique that lowers the precision of a model's internal numbers (e.g., 32-bit to 8-bit) to cut its size and computation, making it lighter and faster while preserving performance.👁–♥–Attention MechanismAttention MechanismA neural network technique that focuses more on the parts of the input that matter 'right now.' The heart of the Transformer and modern LLMs.👁–♥–Agentic WorkflowAgentic WorkflowAn approach in which, instead of one AI answering in a single pass, multiple AIs in different steps and roles repeat plan-execute-check cycles to handle complex work automatically.👁–♥–Edge AI · On-Device AIEdge AI / On-Device AIRunning AI on the device itself (phone, sensor, car) rather than in the cloud. Fast, and good for privacy.👁–♥–BackpropagationBackpropagationThe core algorithm by which a neural network 'learns': it traces errors backward and adjusts the weight of each connection.👁–♥–Federated LearningFederated LearningA privacy-preserving training method that improves a model by pooling only the results learned on each device, without gathering the data in one place.👁–♥–Open-Source LLM · Open WeightsOpen-Source Large Language Model / Open WeightsA large language model whose weights (parameters) are published so anyone can download, run, and modify it on their own servers. It is the foundation for private AI at companies that care about data sovereignty and cost control.👁–♥–Temperature · Sampling SettingsTemperature (Sampling)A setting that controls how random or creative an AI's answers are. Low gives consistent, stable answers; high gives varied, creative ones.👁–♥–World ModelWorld ModelThe ability of AI to hold an internal model of how the world 'works' (physics, causality) and to predict and simulate what happens next.👁–♥–Speech Recognition · Speech SynthesisSpeech Recognition / Synthesis (STT/TTS)Speech recognition (STT) turns speech into text, and speech synthesis (TTS) turns text into speech. The ears and mouth of AI assistants, captions, and call centers.👁–♥–Neural NetworkNeural NetworkThe basic structure of AI, modeled on neurons in the human brain, that learns patterns in data layer by layer. The foundation of deep learning and generative AI.👁–♥–Embedding · Vector DBEmbedding / Vector DatabaseAn embedding turns the 'meaning' of text into a numeric vector; a vector DB stores those vectors and quickly finds items with similar meaning. A key component of RAG.👁–♥–Self-Supervised LearningSelf-Supervised LearningA learning method where, without people adding labels, the model creates its own questions and answers from the data itself. The secret behind LLMs.👁–♥–Natural Language Processing · NLPNatural Language ProcessingThe AI field that enables computers to understand and generate human language, spoken and written. The basis of translation, summarization, and chatbots.👁–♥–Mixture of Experts · MoEMixture of ExpertsAn efficient architecture that, instead of one giant model, keeps several 'expert' sub-models and uses only the experts each input needs.👁–♥–Company-Wide AI Training RoadmapEnterprise AI Training RoadmapA training plan that raises every employee's AI skills in stages over one to three years, segmented by level, role, and proficiency, tying assessment, courses, on-the-job application, and measurement together on one page.👁–♥–Transfer LearningTransfer LearningA technique that reuses the knowledge of an already trained model for a new task. Faster and cheaper because you don't learn from scratch.👁–♥–Comparing Major Generative AI ServicesComparing Generative AI ServicesHow leading services such as ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, and Perplexity differ in character, and which criteria to use when picking the right tool for your work.👁–♥–Supervised · Unsupervised LearningSupervised / Unsupervised LearningSupervised learning learns from data that comes 'with correct answers'; unsupervised learning finds patterns and structure in data on its own, without answers.👁–♥–Knowledge GraphKnowledge GraphA knowledge network that links concepts and things (nodes) with their relationships (edges). It helps search, recommendation, and AI understanding.👁–♥–Knowledge DistillationKnowledge DistillationA technique that transfers the abilities of a large model (teacher) to a small one (student), making it lighter and faster while keeping as much performance as possible.👁–♥–ChatbotChatbotAn automated conversation program that answers questions and helps with tasks as if talking to a person. It has evolved from rule-based to AI (LLM)-based.👁–♥–Reasoning ModelReasoning ModelAn AI model designed to 'think it through' before answering instead of replying right away. It is more accurate on complex math, logic, and coding.👁–♥–Recommendation SystemRecommendation SystemAI that analyzes users' tastes and behavior to pick and suggest products or content they are likely to like. The core engine of Netflix, YouTube, and online shopping.👁–♥–Custom GPT · GPTsCustom GPTA feature that lets you build your own chatbot tailored to a specific task, without coding, by adding instructions (a system prompt) and reference documents. OpenAI's GPTs (GPT stands for Generative Pre-trained Transformer) are the best-known example, and similar features such as Claude's Projects exist in other AI services.👁–♥–Context EngineeringContext EngineeringThe craft of designing how to structure and supply the 'context' (documents, data, history) given to an LLM. An extension of prompt engineering.👁–♥–Computer VisionComputer VisionThe AI field that lets computers 'see' and understand images and video. It serves as the eyes for face recognition, defect detection, and self-driving.👁–♥–Coding AgentCoding AgentAI that, given a goal in plain words, reads files, writes code, runs commands, and checks the results to carry the task through to the end. Claude Code, Codex, and Cursor's agent mode are the best-known examples.👁–♥–CopilotAI CopilotAI built into business tools that works alongside you: you hold the wheel, and the AI helps like a co-pilot.👁–♥–Text-to-VideoText-to-VideoTechnology that automatically generates a video to match a sentence you type, such as 'a puppy walking on the beach.'👁–♥–Text-to-Image · AI Image GenerationText-to-ImageTechnology that generates an image from a written description of a scene, greatly lowering the barrier to making internal materials and promotional content.👁–♥–Token · Context WindowToken / Context WindowA token is the smallest unit in which AI processes text (roughly a word fragment); the context window is the maximum number of tokens AI can remember and refer to at once.👁–♥–TokenizationTokenizationSplitting a sentence into small units (tokens) that AI can process. The first step in how an LLM 'reads' text.👁–♥–Turing TestTuring TestA classic benchmark: if a machine converses so well that it can't be told apart from a human, it can be considered 'intelligent.'👁–♥–TransformerTransformerA neural network architecture built on 'attention,' which grasps the relationships among all words in a sentence at once. The foundation of today's generative AI.👁–♥–Feature EngineeringFeature EngineeringProcessing raw data into useful input variables (features) so a model can learn well. Like 'prepping good ingredients.'👁–♥–ParametersParametersThe internal values an AI model adjusts through training. 'XX billion parameters' indicates the model's scale (the amount of knowledge it has learned).👁–♥–Foundation ModelFoundation ModelA general-purpose large AI model pretrained once at scale on vast data, then used across countless tasks such as translation, summarization, and coding.👁–♥–Fine-tuningFine-tuningFurther training an already trained AI model on a small amount of data to fit a particular field, task, or tone.👁–♥–Few-shot · Zero-shotFew-shot / Zero-shotZero-shot means giving an instruction with no examples; few-shot means showing a few examples first. A basic skill for boosting AI performance through prompts.👁–♥–Private AI · On-Premises LLMPrivate AI / On-premise Large Language ModelRunning a large language model (LLM) on internal servers (on-premises) or in a controlled private cloud, so company data is never sent out through external APIs, eliminating the risk of leaks.👁–♥–Prompt Library · Prompt TemplatesPrompt LibraryA shared repository that organizes work-tested prompts into templates by purpose, so the whole organization can find, use, and adapt them. It turns individual know-how into an organizational asset.👁–♥–Prompt EngineeringPrompt EngineeringThe skill of designing and refining instructions (prompts) so generative AI produces the results you want. The clearer the role, context, examples, and format, the better the quality.👁–♥–Prompt InjectionPrompt InjectionA security threat in which malicious input hijacks an AI's instructions and makes it do unintended things (leak information, ignore rules).👁–♥–Physical AI · HumanoidsPhysical AIA term for AI that goes beyond text and images on a screen to move, manipulate, and work directly in the physical world, like robots.👁–♥–HyperparameterHyperparameterValues (learning rate, number of layers, etc.) that people choose before a model starts training. Like the 'heat and cooking time' in a recipe.👁–♥–Training · InferenceTraining / InferenceTraining is the stage of 'teaching' a model with data; inference is the stage of 'actually using' the trained model to get answers.👁–♥–HallucinationHallucinationWhen AI makes up plausible-sounding content that isn't true and presents it as fact. A risk that must be managed when using generative AI.👁–♥–Function Calling · Tool UseFunction Calling / Tool UseA capability that lets AI decide on its own to call external tools and functions (search, calculation, APIs). It extends conversational AI into 'AI that acts.'👁–♥–Synthetic DataSynthetic DataData artificially generated by AI or simulation instead of real data. It works around data shortages and the problems of sensitive data.👁–♥–Convolutional Neural Network · CNNConvolutional Neural NetworkA neural network designed to pick up an image's local features (lines, edges, textures) step by step. The workhorse of image recognition.👁–♥–Human-in-the-Loop · HITLHuman-in-the-LoopThe principle of deliberately building points of human review and approval into how an AI system operates. The higher the risk of a decision, the more human involvement it gets.👁–♥–

IT · Data · DX 130

Two-Factor Authentication · 2FATwo-Factor AuthenticationLogin security that asks for a second check (text code, app, or fingerprint) on top of your password. Even if the password is stolen, the account stays protected.👁–♥–APIApplication Programming InterfaceAn application programming interface: a 'go-between' that lets programs exchange data and functions by agreed rules. Like a restaurant menu, it spells out what you can ask for and how.👁–♥–API GatewayAPI GatewayThe 'front door' that every request to multiple backend services passes through. Authentication, routing, and rate limits are handled in one place.👁–♥–AR · VR · XRAugmented Reality / Virtual Reality / Extended RealityAR (Augmented Reality) overlays digital content on the real world, VR (Virtual Reality) immerses you in a fully virtual one, and XR (Extended Reality) covers both.👁–♥–BCP · Business Continuity and Disaster RecoveryBusiness Continuity Plan & Disaster RecoveryA Business Continuity Plan sets out in advance what to restore, in what order, and how fast when an incident such as a fire, power outage, or cyberattack halts operations.👁–♥–BI · Business IntelligenceBusiness IntelligenceBusiness Intelligence: tools and practices that visualize data in dashboards and reports so executives and practitioners can make data-driven decisions.👁–♥–CDN · Content Delivery NetworkContent Delivery NetworkA Content Delivery Network copies content such as images and video to servers around the world and delivers it quickly from the location closest to each user.👁–♥–CDP · Customer Data PlatformCustomer Data PlatformA marketing Customer Data Platform that unifies customer data scattered across channels, tied to real identities, into one persistent customer profile.👁–♥–CI · CDContinuous Integration / Continuous DeliveryA development automation approach: merge code often (CI, Continuous Integration), then test and deploy it automatically (CD, Continuous Delivery) so changes reach production quickly and safely.👁–♥–CISO · CPO · Chief Information Security Officer and Chief Privacy OfficerChief Information Security Officer and Chief Privacy OfficerThe CISO (Chief Information Security Officer) is responsible for the company's overall information security, and the CPO (Chief Privacy Officer) for the lawfulness of personal data handling. Some companies are legally required to appoint them and file a notification.👁–♥–CMS · Content Management SystemContent Management SystemA Content Management System lets you manage and publish a website's text, images, and pages without coding. WordPress is the best-known example.👁–♥–CSAP · Cloud Security CertificationCloud Security Assurance ProgramKorea's Cloud Security Assurance Program, which providers must pass to supply cloud services to public institutions. Tiers are set by the criticality of the system.👁–♥–DLP · Data Loss PreventionData Loss PreventionData Loss Prevention is the technology and policy that detects and blocks sensitive data, such as personal information and trade secrets, from leaving the company via email, USB drives, web uploads, or AI prompts.👁–♥–DX · AXDigital Transformation / AI TransformationDX is Digital Transformation: fundamentally changing how work gets done with digital technology. AX is the next stage, AI Transformation: embedding AI into work and the business.👁–♥–DX Maturity AssessmentDigital Transformation Maturity AssessmentAn assessment method that rates an organization's Digital Transformation level in stages across several areas and derives priorities for what to do next.👁–♥–ERP · Enterprise Resource PlanningEnterprise Resource PlanningEnterprise Resource Planning software that integrates a company's core operations, such as finance, HR, purchasing, production, and inventory, in a single system.👁–♥–FinOps · Cloud Cost ManagementFinOps (Cloud Financial Operations)FinOps (Financial Operations) is an operating approach in which engineering and finance teams review cloud bills together, take responsibility for what they use, and cut waste. It arose from the pay-as-you-go nature of the cloud.👁–♥–GPU · AI ChipsGraphics Processing Unit / AI ChipA GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is a parallel-processing chip with thousands of cores that run the same calculation simultaneously. It is the core hardware behind AI training and inference today.👁–♥–Git · GitHubGit / GitHubGit is a version control tool that stores and manages the change history of code. GitHub is the leading online service for hosting that code and collaborating on it.👁–♥–GraphQLGraphQLAn API style in which the client requests exactly the data it needs in a single call, reducing over-fetching and under-fetching.👁–♥–HTML · CSS · JavaScriptHyperText Markup Language / Cascading Style Sheets / JavaScriptThe three building blocks of a web page: HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the structure (the skeleton), CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is the design (the clothes), and JavaScript is the behavior (the movement).👁–♥–HTTP · HTTPSHyperText Transfer Protocol / HyperText Transfer Protocol SecureHTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is the protocol browsers and servers use to exchange data on the web. HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure) is the same communication, encrypted for safety.👁–♥–IAM · Account and Access ManagementIdentity and Access ManagementIdentity and Access Management defines, account by account, who can access which systems, and manages the lifecycle of those permissions from hiring to departure.👁–♥–IDE · Code EditorsIntegrated Development Environment / Code EditorAn Integrated Development Environment for writing, running, and debugging code: a developer's workshop. AI code editors that write code alongside you have recently become the standard.👁–♥–ISMS-P · Information Security Management CertificationPersonal Information & Information Security Management SystemA Korean certification awarded after reviewing whether a company's information security and privacy management system (Personal Information & Information Security Management System) is established and operated to the standard. Businesses that meet certain criteria are legally required to hold ISMS (Information Security Management System) certification.👁–♥–IT GovernanceIT GovernanceIT governance is a decision-making framework that defines who decides what, and who is accountable, so that IT investment and operations stay aligned with business goals. It refers to how executives control IT, not to the IT department's work procedures.👁–♥–IT Budget Planning · Operating and Capital CostsIT Budget PlanningThe work of breaking down what the company will spend on IT next year into items such as servers, software subscriptions, labor, and outsourcing, and splitting it into operating and capital costs. Subscription fees for the LMS and collaboration tools used by the training team are included.👁–♥–IT Asset Management · ITAMIT Asset Management (ITAM)ITAM (IT Asset Management) tracks the laptops, servers, software licenses, and cloud accounts a company owns in a register from purchase to disposal, so it is clear at a glance who is using what and when it needs replacing.👁–♥–ITSM · IT Help DeskIT Service Management and IT Help DeskITSM (IT Service Management) treats IT not as 'equipment management' but as a service delivered to employees, handling requests, incidents, and changes through set procedures. The help desk is its intake point.👁–♥–JSONJavaScript Object NotationJavaScript Object Notation: a human-readable text format widely used when programs exchange data. It represents data as 'name: value' pairs.👁–♥–JWT · JSON Web TokenJSON Web Token / JavaScript Object NotationA signed 'digital pass' (JSON Web Token) that proves a user is logged in. Its contents are carried in JavaScript Object Notation, and identity can be verified without the server checking every time.👁–♥–MDM · Master Data ManagementMaster Data ManagementMaster Data Management maintains core reference data shared across systems, such as customers, products, and vendors, as a single source of truth.👁–♥–MVP · Minimum Viable ProductMinimum Viable ProductA Minimum Viable Product launches quickly with only the features needed to test an idea's core hypothesis. It is a key lean-startup tool for checking, through real reactions, whether customers truly want something before you build the finished product.👁–♥–NPU · Neural Processing UnitNeural Processing UnitA Neural Processing Unit is a dedicated AI chip designed for artificial neural network computation, a processor that runs AI features quickly on low power.👁–♥–OAuth · Social LoginOAuthThe standard behind 'Log in with Google or Kakao': securely logging in and delegating permissions with an account from another service, without handing over your password.👁–♥–OCR · Document DigitizationOptical Character RecognitionTechnology that optically recognizes characters in images or scanned documents (Optical Character Recognition) and converts them into editable, searchable text data.👁–♥–RPA · Robotic Process AutomationRobotic Process AutomationAutomation (Robotic Process Automation) in which software robots take over repetitive computer tasks people used to do, such as copying, entering, and moving data.👁–♥–SDKSoftware Development KitA toolkit (Software Development Kit) that makes it easier to build for a particular service or platform. It bundles code, documentation, and examples to make the API (Application Programming Interface) easier to use.👁–♥–SQLStructured Query LanguageThe standard query language (Structured Query Language) for retrieving, storing, and updating data in a database. A core skill for working with data.👁–♥–SSO · Single Sign-OnSingle Sign-OnSingle Sign-On lets one login give access to multiple services. It improves both convenience and security management.👁–♥–SaaS · PaaS · IaaSSoftware as a Service / Platform as a Service / Infrastructure as a ServiceThe three layers of cloud services. Software (Software as a Service), platform (Platform as a Service), and infrastructure (Infrastructure as a Service) differ in how much the provider manages for you. Often explained with a pizza analogy.👁–♥–SaaS Subscription Management · Cleaning Up Unused LicensesSaaS Subscription ManagementGathering the software (SaaS, Software as a Service) a company subscribes to into one register, merging duplicate tools, reclaiming unused seats and accounts, and managing renewal dates.👁–♥–UX · UIUser Experience / User InterfaceUX is the overall experience users have (User Experience); UI is the visible screens and controls (User Interface). Together they determine a product's usability.👁–♥–VDI · Virtual DesktopVirtual Desktop InfrastructureAn approach (Virtual Desktop Infrastructure) that builds work desktop environments on a central server and sends only the screen to the user's device, keeping data in-house while allowing access from anywhere.👁–♥–Pseudonymized Data · De-identification MeasuresPseudonymization & De-identificationProcessing personal data so that no individual can be identified unless it is combined with additional information. Its use is permitted for defined purposes.👁–♥–Personal Data Processing Entrustment · Third-Party ProvisionPersonal Data Processing Entrustment vs. Third-Party ProvisionWhen personal data leaves the company, it is entrustment if the recipient does work on your company's behalf, and third-party provision if the recipient uses it for its own work and benefit. The required procedures differ.👁–♥–Personal Information Protection Act · PIPAPersonal Information Protection ActKorea's Personal Information Protection Act, which governs the collection, use, provision, and destruction of any information that can identify a living person. Its principles are 'consent-based, minimum collection within the stated purpose, destruction after the retention period.'👁–♥–Account Lifecycle · Reclaiming Leavers' AccountsAccount Lifecycle Management (Joiner-Mover-Leaver)A framework for managing the whole process of issuing company system accounts, changing permissions, and revoking them as people join, move, and leave. It is often called Joiner-Mover-Leaver (JML), and the key is disabling leavers' accounts on time.👁–♥–Technical DebtTechnical DebtCode written 'quick and dirty' for fast delivery piles up and becomes a 'debt' to be repaid later. Left alone, it accrues interest.👁–♥–Basic Statistics · Mean, Median, Standard DeviationBasic Statistics (Mean, Median, Standard Deviation)Basic tools for summarizing a data set in a few numbers: the mean and median show where the center is, and the standard deviation shows how widely the values spread around it.👁–♥–No-code · Low-codeNo-code / Low-codeA way of building apps and automations by assembling them on screen with little (low-code) or no (no-code) coding.👁–♥–Unit TestingUnit TestingAutomated tests that verify the smallest pieces of code (such as functions) behave as intended. The foundation of quality.👁–♥–DashboardDashboardA tool that gathers key metrics and data on a single screen so you can grasp them at a glance. The data version of a car's instrument panel.👁–♥–DevOpsDevOpsA culture and methodology that breaks down the wall between development and operations to deploy software quickly and reliably.👁–♥–Data GovernanceData GovernanceA framework of rules, roles, and procedures for managing data accurately, securely, and consistently. The foundation for making data something you can trust and use.👁–♥–Data-Driven Decision MakingData-Driven Decision MakingA culture and practice of deciding based on data and evidence rather than gut feeling or experience. A core mindset of DX.👁–♥–Data LiteracyData LiteracyThe ability to read, interpret, and communicate with data. At its core is not statistical expertise but the habit of 'asking the right questions and questioning the answers' — a basic skill every employee needs.👁–♥–Data VisualizationData VisualizationTurning numbers and data into charts, graphs, and maps so patterns and meaning are clear at a glance.👁–♥–Data Warehouse · Data LakeData Warehouse / Data LakeA data warehouse is a 'warehouse' of data neatly organized for analysis; a data lake is a 'lake' that holds all kinds of raw data as is.👁–♥–Data Pipeline · ETLData Pipeline / Extract · Transform · LoadAn automated flow that gathers data from many sources (Extract), cleans and converts it (Transform), and loads it into storage (Load). The plumbing that data passes through before it is analyzed.👁–♥–Data Quality ManagementData Quality ManagementChecking and fixing the data in company systems against standards: is it accurate, complete, consistent across systems, and updated on time? The basis for being able to trust the numbers in reports.👁–♥–Data Privacy and GDPRData Privacy & General Data Protection RegulationThe principles and regulations for protecting personal data safely. The GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) is the leading international standard and has influenced rules worldwide.👁–♥–DatabaseDatabaseA system for storing, searching, and managing data in an organized way. An app's members, orders, posts, and other information live here.👁–♥–Domain · DNSDomain / Domain Name SystemA domain is a human-memorable address like nanumcon.com; DNS (Domain Name System) is the internet's phone book that translates that address into the actual IP address computers connect to.👁–♥–DebuggingDebuggingThe process of finding and fixing errors (bugs) in a program. A large share of coding time is actually spent on this kind of 'problem solving.'👁–♥–Digital LiteracyDigital LiteracyThe ability to understand digital tools, information, and technology and to use and evaluate them for a purpose. Basic literacy for the DX era.👁–♥–Digital TwinDigital TwinA digital 'twin' that replicates a real-world object or system exactly. It is simulated virtually to predict and optimize the real thing.👁–♥–Decompilation · DisassemblyDecompilation / DisassemblyTurning a program that has been converted into unreadable machine code back into a readable form. Disassembly converts machine code into assembly language; decompilation goes a step further, back to a high-level language such as C.👁–♥–RansomwareRansomwareMalware that encrypts files to make them unusable and then demands money 'in exchange for unlocking them.' A devastating cyber threat to businesses.👁–♥–Rate Limiting · Request ThrottlingRate LimitingCapping the number of requests allowed in a given period. A safeguard against server overload, abuse, and runaway costs.👁–♥–Logging · MonitoringLogging / MonitoringLogging records what happens in a system; monitoring watches those records and metrics in real time to detect problems.👁–♥–Load BalancingLoad BalancingA technique that spreads incoming requests evenly across multiple servers so no single server is overwhelmed. Fundamental to stability and scaling.👁–♥–Local · Staging · Production EnvironmentsLocal / Staging / ProductionDevelopment happens on your own computer (local), final checks in a test space identical to the real thing (staging), and real users use production. Splitting into stages makes deployment safe.👁–♥–Reverse EngineeringReverse EngineeringTaking a finished product or piece of software apart to work out how it was built and how it works. It works backward from the result to recover the design without a blueprint.👁–♥–MicroservicesMicroservicesAn architecture in which small services split by function work together, instead of one large program (a monolith).👁–♥–Network Separation and Generative AINetwork Separation (Air Gap) & Generative AIA security policy that physically or logically separates the internal work network from the internet to block outside intrusion. In finance and the public sector it is the most practical constraint on adopting external generative AI.👁–♥–MetaverseMetaverseA three-dimensional virtual world connected to reality, where people gather and interact as avatars. A new stage for work, play, and education.👁–♥–Records Retention Period · Electronic Document PreservationRecords Retention Period and Electronic Document PreservationThe retention period is how many years documents such as contracts, accounting books, and HR records must be kept before disposal. Electronic document preservation is how to keep them in electronic form instead of on paper while preserving their authenticity and accessibility.👁–♥–Responsive WebResponsive Web DesignA web design approach in which the layout adapts automatically to screen size, so a site looks good on PC, tablet, and mobile alike.👁–♥–Firewall and VPNFirewall / Virtual Private NetworkA firewall is a 'gatekeeper' that lets through only permitted traffic; a VPN (Virtual Private Network) creates a secure 'private tunnel' over the internet.👁–♥–Deployment · HostingDeployment / HostingDeployment is 'putting a program live' on a server so real users can use it; hosting is the service that rents you the space to keep it running 24/7.👁–♥–Backup · RecoveryBackup / RecoveryCopying data in advance (backup) and restoring it from that copy after an incident (recovery). The last insurance against data loss.👁–♥–Security Awareness Training · Phishing SimulationSecurity Awareness Training and Phishing SimulationTraining that builds the habit of spotting and reporting suspicious emails and requests. It is run alongside simulations that send realistic fake phishing emails to measure how employees respond.👁–♥–BlockchainBlockchainA distributed ledger technology in which many participants share and cross-verify transaction records, making tampering difficult without a central administrator.👁–♥–Big DataBig DataData so large (volume), fast (velocity), and varied (variety) that conventional methods struggle to handle it. What matters is not the data itself but 'analyzing it to extract value.'👁–♥–Internal Wiki · Knowledge BaseInternal Wiki and Knowledge BaseAn internal document space that gathers information people look up repeatedly, such as work procedures, policies, and FAQs, in one place where any member can search and edit.👁–♥–Internet of Things · IoTInternet of ThingsTechnology that connects everyday objects (appliances, sensors, machines, vehicles) to the internet (Internet of Things) so they can exchange data and be controlled remotely.👁–♥–CybersecurityCybersecurityThe broad range of defensive activity that protects systems, data, and users from digital threats such as hacking, data leaks, and malware.👁–♥–Correlation vs. CausationCorrelation vs. CausationCorrelation means two values move together; causation means one produces the other. Moving together alone does not show cause and effect.👁–♥–Server · ClientServer / ClientThe client is the side that 'requests' a service (your browser or app), and the server is the side that 'provides' it (a central computer). The two exchange messages to make a service work.👁–♥–ServerlessServerlessAn approach where you don't manage servers yourself: you upload only the function (code) you need, it runs automatically only when called, and you pay only for that usage.👁–♥–Software Reverse Engineering and the Law · Program Code Reverse AnalysisLegal Limits of Software Reverse EngineeringThe rules that decide how far taking apart someone else's software is permitted. In Korea, the program code reverse analysis provision of the Copyright Act, trade secret protections, and the product's terms of use together set the boundary.👁–♥–Smart FactorySmart FactoryA factory whose production is automated and made intelligent with IoT, AI, and data. A 'thinking factory' that senses, decides, and optimizes on its own.👁–♥–Schema Markup · Structured DataSchema MarkupSchema markup is structured data work that labels the meaning of a web page's content in a standard format (schema.org) so search engines can understand it.👁–♥–Semantic VersioningSemantic VersioningA rule for numbering software versions as 'major.minor.patch' (e.g., 2.4.1) so the numbers alone reveal the nature of the change.👁–♥–Citizen DeveloperCitizen DeveloperA business practitioner who is not a professional developer but builds work apps and automations on their own, with the help of no-code and low-code tools or AI.👁–♥–AlgorithmAlgorithmA step-by-step procedure or set of rules for solving a problem. A recipe for 'what to do, in what order, to get the answer.'👁–♥–EncryptionEncryptionConverting data into a form that 'can't be read without the key.' Even if communications or stored data are intercepted, the contents stay unreadable.👁–♥–App Types (Web · Native · Hybrid)App TypesThree ways to build an app: web apps used in a browser, native apps installed on a device, and hybrid apps that mix the two.👁–♥–Quantum ComputingQuantum ComputingComputers that process information using the principles of quantum mechanics. They have the potential to solve certain problems far faster than conventional computers.👁–♥–Core Excel Functions · XLOOKUP and VLOOKUPExcel Lookup Functions (XLOOKUP, VLOOKUP, INDEX/MATCH)Excel lookup functions that find a value in another table using a key such as an employee ID. VLOOKUP (Vertical Lookup), INDEX/MATCH, and XLOOKUP do the same job in different ways.👁–♥–Edge ComputingEdge ComputingProcessing data right near where it is generated (devices, on-site) rather than in a distant central cloud. Fast and reliable.👁–♥–Open SourceOpen SourceSoftware whose source code is published so anyone can view, use, modify, and share it. A large share of today's IT is built on open source.👁–♥–On-PremisesOn-PremisesAn IT infrastructure approach in which a company builds and runs systems directly on its own servers and in its own data center, instead of renting the cloud.👁–♥–Workflow Automation Tools · Zapier, Make, Power AutomateWorkflow Automation Tools (Zapier, Make, Power Automate)Cloud tools that connect different apps, such as surveys, email, spreadsheets, and messengers, with 'when this happens, do that' rules, taking over work people used to copy by hand.👁–♥–Web Crawling · ScrapingWeb Crawling / ScrapingTechnology that automatically visits web pages (crawling) and collects the data you need (scraping). Used for data collection and monitoring.👁–♥–WebSocket · Real-Time CommunicationWebSocketTechnology that keeps a connection open between server and browser so data flows 'both ways in real time.' The basis for chat, notifications, and live updates.👁–♥–WebhookWebhookAn automatic notification: when an event occurs, the server 'pushes' the news to another system on its own. Also called a 'reverse API.'👁–♥–Authentication · AuthorizationAuthentication / AuthorizationAuthentication is 'verifying who you are'; authorization is 'verifying what you are allowed to do.' The two pillars of security.👁–♥–AutomationAutomationHaving machines or software take over repetitive work that people used to do. It improves efficiency and consistency.👁–♥–Electronic Contracts · Electronic SignaturesElectronic Contract and Electronic SignatureA way of concluding contracts by signing electronic documents electronically instead of using paper and seals. To be usable in practice, you must be able to prove later who signed and that the document has not been altered.👁–♥–Zero TrustZero TrustA security principle of 'trust nothing by default.' Every access request is verified every time, whether it comes from inside or outside.👁–♥–CacheCacheA temporary storage method that keeps frequently used data close by in advance so it can be retrieved faster next time.👁–♥–Containers · DockerContainer / DockerTechnology that packages a program with the environment it needs so it 'runs the same everywhere.' Docker is the best-known tool for it.👁–♥–Compiler and InterpreterCompiler & InterpreterTwo ways of converting human-written code into a language computers understand. The difference is whether it is 'translated all at once' or 'interpreted line by line.'👁–♥–Code ReviewCode ReviewThe process in which someone else examines a colleague's code to find errors and improvements. A key habit for quality and knowledge sharing.👁–♥–KubernetesKubernetes (K8s)An orchestration tool that automatically places, scales, and recovers large numbers of containers. The control tower of the cloud era.👁–♥–Cookies · SessionsCookie / SessionA cookie is a small piece of information stored in the browser; a session is the login state the server remembers. They let the web remember 'who is connected.'👁–♥–CloudCloud ComputingRenting servers, storage, and software over the internet as needed, instead of owning them.👁–♥–Cloud MigrationCloud MigrationThe process of moving systems and data run on in-house servers to a cloud environment. Cost and benefit vary greatly depending on how you move.👁–♥–Terminal · CLITerminal / Command Line InterfaceThe black window (terminal) and the method (CLI, Command Line Interface) of operating a computer by 'typing commands' instead of clicking with a mouse.👁–♥–Power BI · TableauMicrosoft Power BI (Business Intelligence) and TableauTwo leading BI (Business Intelligence) tools that connect data scattered across many places and turn it into interactive dashboards. The choice depends on the company's existing environment and who will use them.👁–♥–Package ManagerPackage ManagerA tool that installs, updates, and manages the external libraries (packages) a program needs. npm and pip are typical examples.👁–♥–Framework · LibraryFramework / LibraryA library is a 'collection of features' you pull out when needed; a framework provides the 'structure and skeleton' of development on top of them. They keep you from reinventing the wheel.👁–♥–PrototypePrototypeA quick, inexpensive trial version or mockup made to test an idea. It is a tool for learning, not a finished product.👁–♥–Frontend · BackendFrontend / BackendThe frontend is the screen users see; the backend is the server side behind it that handles data and logic. The two pillars of web development.👁–♥–Pivot Tables · Spreadsheet Data AnalysisPivot TableA spreadsheet feature that summarizes raw row-by-row data with simple drag and drop, instantly producing totals and comparisons by category.👁–♥–PhishingPhishingA scam that steals passwords and financial information through emails, texts, or sites impersonating a trusted source. The most common entry point for security incidents.👁–♥–Collaboration Tools · GroupwareCollaboration Tools · GroupwareA collective term for software that digitally connects how a team works: messaging, co-editing documents, project management, video meetings, and more. Traditional groupware, built around electronic approvals and attendance, and collaboration tools, built for open, nonhierarchical communication, are converging into one market.👁–♥–Environment VariablesEnvironment VariablesSettings kept outside the code (especially API keys and passwords). Because they aren't written directly into the code, they are safer, and values can differ by environment.👁–♥–

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Key takeaways

A glossary of B2B marketing, sales and AI terms, explained the way practitioners use them.

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The B2B marketing, sales and AI terms people actually ask us about in corporate training, each with a definition and an example of how it’s used on the job. We use the same definitions in our training and consulting.

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